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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 What are LDL and HDL? LDL-low-density lipoproteins- transports cholesterol to cells in the body-high levels of LDL lead to great risk of a heart attack, cholesterol can build up within the arteries, and make the heart overwork itself. HDL--high-density lipoproteins-removes cholesterol where it doesnt belong-high levels of HDL reduces the risk of a heart attack. How do LDL and HDL differ structurally and functionally? Structure:- difference is composition; LDL is 50% cholesterol, 25% proteins. HDL is 20% cholesterol, 50% proteins.-carry different types of proteins; HDL carries A-I and A-II, and LDL carries B-100.-proteins are more dense than fat, and determine the function of the lipoprotein.Function:-both deliver cholesterol through the blood.-LDL delivers to all cells throughout the body and can cause cholesterol buildup within arteries.-HDL carries cholesterol away from the heart and other organs back to the liver. Why do doctors monitor the concentrations of LDL and HDL in patients blood? - high cholesterol: it could lead to heart disease and blood clots. -Low cholesterol: it could have similar effects as high cholesterol. so, cholesterol in the blood as to be monitored and maintained. How are the concentrations of LDL and HDL associated with the risk for heart disease and associated disorders? -cholesterol could be left behind in the bloodstream, The cholesterol left behind causes plaque build up, the vessels start to narrow making blood flow harder to get to parts of the body. The brain could not get the blood and oxygen it needs to function,can cause a stroke. A heart attack could also occur if blood doesnt make it to the heart fast enough, so the heart muscle starts to die. What other molecules in a patients blood are monitored along with LDL and HDL? -total cholesterol -triglycerides-VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) What do the results of a cholesterol test mean? How do patients interpret each value? HDL: > 60 mg/dLTotal Cholesterol: < 200 mg/dLTriglycerides: < 150 mg/dL What can patients do to change the levels of LDL and HDL in their blood? -Eating a healthy -maintaining a healthy weight-exercise regularly -not smoking How does intake of unsaturated, saturated, and trans fats affect cholesterol levels and overall health?
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