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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 A volcano is a mountain/hill with a crateor vent of which lava, rock fragments, hot vapour, and gas are beingor have been erupted from the earths surface.A volcanic hazard means any dangers involving volcanic destruction, such as :lava flows, pyroclastic flows and ash. Mountain Hazards Volcanoes Definition Causes/Risks The causes and risks of living in a volcanic region are losses, damage and destruction. It is a volcanic hazard to people, properties and negatively impacts the capacityand sustainability of the town or place. The risks of livingin that kind of region are the threats of human loss, population loss and vulnerability. Damage Done Volcanoes cause lots of damage mainly including homes, lives, through ashes, lava, fire. Animals,wildlife, and natural environments through ashes and lava burning through trees, the environment and other animals homes. Shield Volcano Caldera Volcano Composite Volcano A shield volcano is a volcano with hot runny magma, with gases flowing out.The eruption is very gentle and the lavareaches the surface and flows down.The top of the volcano is a broad flattened dome shape, created by the layers ofrunny lava. As the lava flows over surfaceit begins to cool. The lava flows easily asit moves down a slope and can travellarge distances from the vents. Althoughthe lava can flow distance it cant flow fastgiving and human or animal time to escape.The magma temperature reaches from 800-1200 degrise. This kind of magma is calledbasltic magma. A caldera volcano is a volcano that eruptsso explosively that the region around the vent is unsupported which leads it to collapseunder its own weight. This is because the magma chamber inside is either nearly empty or completely empty making the volcano very unstable. The eruption of this volcano is veryvisious. Fortunately this kind of volcano is veryrare. This volcano's magma heat is from 650-800 degrise (c) and is called rhyolitic magma. A composite volcano or otherwise knownas a strato volcano is a volcano that is explosive and the eruption magma is knownto be quite cool, thick and sticky. This magmamakes gas bubbles expand and makes magmafoam which explodes violently.The tiny piecesand volcanic ash then create lava flows, hot ash clouds called pyroclastic flows and creates dangerous mud flows called lahars. That type ofmagma is called andesitic magma and its temperature goes from 800-1000 degrise (c). Individuals Minimise Effect Living near Volcanoes There are a few reasons for living near volcanoesprecious minerals bring people to volcanoes. Theyare found nearby. Minerals like: gold, silver, copper, sulphur are all mined near the vents of the volcanoes.Tourism is a big part as many people come down to relax in the hotsprings. This brings money to the towns down at the volcanoes as they are the only people livingthere. Good soils are found near volcanoes. The soil isvery fertile and is good for growing crops. Minimising a natural disaster can be simpleif you prepare for one. Some ways of stoppinglava destroying homes would be by digging trenches to stop the flow. Live near people for help and have an alert signal to help everyone escape or get out. Make everyone near you, including yourself prepared foranything. Be alert and make sure you don'tget to comfortable because anything could happen. Have all essentials at all times. Useany transport to get away such as: cars, bikes, motorbikes, and animals or any otherform. Make small water ways or small riversto slow down the lava in certain places. Alsomake the houses out of bricks instead of wood. Individuals could be prepared by being ready. Ways to escape a volcanic eruptionwould be to take shelter from any lava orembers. Be ready to evacuate homes and other places by having your essentials. They could beanything that you would find necessary orvaluable. One of the main things an individualcould do to prepare would be to have an emergency kit. This would include: a flashlight,batteries, first aid, food and water, medecines, shoes, respiratory(breathing protection), eyeprotection(goggles) and battery powered radio for any news or updates on the disaster. September 28 2012, Preparing for a volcanic eruption, 10.3.15, www.bt.cdc.gov/disasters/volcanoes/before.aspWhat is a volcano?, 9.3.15, www.ga.gov.au/scientific/topics/hazards/volcanic/basics/whatVolcanic Hazards, 9.3.15, www.geo.mtu.edu/volcanoes/hazards/primer/, http://www.nhm.ac.uk/resources-rx/images/1008/krakatau-banner_127135_1.jpg
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