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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Galactosemia is a rare disorder that affects the body's ability to break down sugars such as galactose. Glactosemia affects 1 out of every 55 000 newborns People with galoctosemia must stay away from foods and drink which contain galactose, including milk and cheese. This is the only way to treat this disorder. GALACTOSEMIA Symptoms include kidney failure, enlarged livers, poor growth, food intolerance (vomiting), speech difficulties, and intelluctualdisabilities In most states, babies are tested for this disorder by taking a tiny blood sample from the baby's heel. This checks for low levels of the GALT enzyme. Thisallows for a quick treatment which can prevent the serious symptoms of the disorder. It affects the reproductive, digestive, nervous and sensory system. It was first discovered in 1908 by physician Van Ruess, although the defective gene that cause it wasn't discovered till 1956. It was a vastly recognized inherited disorder. Glactosemia is more commonly seen in specific ethnic groups, such as African Americans. However, in places like Japan, it is not diagnoesed as frequently as in Caucasians in USA It blocks the transformation of galactose to glucose,which is the most efficient source of energy in the body.This allows galactose to increase the toxic levels in the body. If newborns are placed on lactose/galactose restricted diets, this can prevent severe complications, allowing the children to live fairly normal lives. However, a number of conditions can develop on in later ages. This disorder is autosomal recessive. The child inherits one copy of thegene from each parent. Inheriting onlyone copy from only one parent makes the person a carrier. Although the carrierproduces less amounts of the GALT enzyme than normal, they can still break it down and not have the symptoms. Carriers can still pass the mutuated geneto their children. KEY TERMS Catalyst-A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction, but is not physically changed by the process.Galactose-One of the 2 simple sugars that make up the protein and lactosse found in milk. It is toxic in high levels.Glucose-One of the 2 simple sugars. It is a form of sugar usable by the body to generate energy.Lactose-A sugar made of galactose and glucose. It is the primary sugar found in milk.Metabolic Pathway-A sequence of chemical reactions that lead from from a precursor to a product, where the product of each step in the series is a starting material for the next step.
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