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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Nephrons Urine Formations Process Characteristics of Urine Urinary Disorders Protection of the Kidney Ptosis: -kidneys drop to a lower position -caused by rapid weight loss -hydronephrosis: excess pressure on kidney tissueKidney Stones (Renal Calculi) -urine becomes concentrated -solutes form crystals -can become wedgedUrinary Tract Infection: -infection in urethra -common in females -Renal capsule: surrounds each kidney-Adipose capsule: surronds, protection. correct location -Structural and functional unit of the kidney-Forms Urine-structures: glomerus and Renal Tubule 1. Filtration: -nonselective passive process -blood cells cannot pass out of capillaries -filtrate collected in glomerular capsule -leaves via real tube2. Reabsorption: -peritubular capillaries reabsorb several materials -most active transport* -materials not reabsorbed: nitrogenous waste products3. Secretion: -materials (H+, K+, creatinine) move peritubular capillaries to the renal tubules -colored yellow (destruction of hemoglobin) -sterile-pH is about 6-specific gravity is 1.001-1.035 Parts of the Urinary System: 1. Kidneys 2. Ureters 3. Urinary Bladder 4. Urethra Glomerus Glomerus -Specialized capillary bed (made of simple squamous epithelium)-attatched to arterioles on both sides (maintains high pressure) -large afferent arteriole -narrow efferent arteriole Peritubular Capillaries: -arise from from efferent arteriole glamorous -cling close to renal tubule -reabsorb some substances from collecting tubes 1. Aging: -progressive decline in urinary function -urinary retention in males -urinary incontinence in females** 2. Incontinence: -unable to voluntarily control external sphincter 3.Urinary Retention: -bladder unable to expel urine -common in men 4. Polyuria: -large volumes of urine -caused by dehydration or Addisons disease Urinary System Elimination of Wastes and Regulation of Homeostasis
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