Infographic Template Galleries

Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 The Nervous System Normal Function The nervous system is essentially the body’s electrical wiring. The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. There are four main parts to the nervous system: 1. Gather information (from inside+outside the body), 2. Transmit messages, 3. Process possible responses, and 4. Direct the best response back. It is composed of nerves, which are different from other cells. They have long extensions calledaxons and dendrites. Many have a fatty covering called myelin, which protects the nerve cells and acts like insulation which helps cells transmit messages faster than other nerve cells because the messages can jump. Neurons send signals to other cells through thin fibers called axons, which cause chemicals known as neurotransmitters to be released at junctions called synapses. A synapse gives a command to the cell and the entire communication process typically takes only a fraction of a millisecond. There are three types of neurons; sensory neurons carry impulses to the spinal cord and brain, motor neurons carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord, and interneurons connect the other two and carry messages between them. Sensory neurons react to physical stimuli such as light, sound and touch and send feedback to the central nervous system about the body’s surrounding environment. Motor neurons, located in the central nervous system or in peripheral ganglia, transmit signals to activate the muscles or glands.Glial cells, derived from the Greek word for "glue," support the neurons and hold them in place. Glial cells also feed nutrients to neurons, destroy pathogens, remove dead neurons and act as traffic cops by directing the axons of neurons to their targets. Specific types of glial cells (oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system) generate layers of a fatty substance called myelin that wraps around axons and provides electrical insulation to enable them to rapidly and efficiently transmit signals.A nerve at rest has more sodium ions outside and more potassium ions inside. A nerve impulse occurs when there are more sodium ions outside than there are potassium inside the neuron. This causes the cell to become polarized, also known as the resting potential. A stimulus activates the nerve and the channels open. Na+ ions (sodium ions) rush into the cell through diffusion causing the charge of the membrane to change. This is called action potential. This causes the cell to become depolarized, which happens along the length of the neuron until it reaches the axon terminals. When the action potential reaches the axon terminals, neurotransmitters are released and targeted to the muscle, gland, or other nerves that are needed to react. The nerve impulse reaches an axon terminal which is the location at which a The nervous system is essentially the body’s electrical wiring. The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. There are four main parts to the nervous system: 1. Gather information (from inside+outside the body), 2. Transmit messages, 3. Process possible responses, and 4. Direct the best response back. It is composed of nerves, which are different from other cells. They have long extensions called axons \and dendrites. Many have a fatty covering called myelin, which protects the nerve cells and acts like insulation which helps cells transmit messages faster than other nerve cells because the messages can jump. Neurons send signals to other cells through thin fibers called axons, which cause chemicals known as neurotransmitters to be released at junctions called synapses. A synapse gives a command to the cell and the entire communication process typically takes only a fraction of a millisecond. There are three types of neurons; sensory neurons carry impulses to the spinal cord and brain, motor neurons carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord, and interneurons connect the other two and carry messages between them. Sensory neurons react to physical stimuli such as light, sound and touchand send feedback to the central nervous system about the body’s surrounding environment. Motor neurons, located in the central nervous system or in peripheral ganglia, transmit signals to activate the muscles or glands.Glial cells, derived from the Greek word for "glue," support the neurons and hold them in place. Glial cells also feed nutrients to neurons, destroy pathogens, remove dead neurons and act as traffic cops bydirecting the axons of neurons to their targets. Specific types of glial cells (oligodendrocytes in the centralnervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system) generate layers of a fatty substance called myelin that wraps around axons and provides electrical insulation to enable them to rapidly and efficiently transmit signals.A nerve at rest has more sodium ions outside and more potassium ions inside. A nerve impulse occurs when there are more sodium ions outside than there are potassium inside the neuron. This causes the cell to become polarized, also known as the resting potential. A stimulus activates the nerve and the channels open. Na+ ions (sodium ions) rush into the cell through diffusion causing the charge of the membrane to change. This is called action potential. This causes the cell to become depolarized, which happens along the length of the neuron until it reaches the axon terminals. When the action potential reaches the axon terminals, neurotransmitters are released and targeted to the muscle, gland, or other nerves that are needed to react. The nerve impulse reaches an axon terminal which is the location at which a The nervous system is essentially the body’s electrical wiring. The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. There are four main parts to the nervous system: 1. Gather information (from inside+outside the body), 2. Transmit messages, 3. Process possible responses, and 4. Direct the best response back. It is composed of nerves, which are different from other cells. They have long extensions called axons and dendrites. Many have a fatty covering called myelin, which protects the nerve cells and acts like insulation which helps cells transmit messages faster than other nerve cells because the messages can jump. Neurons send signals to other cells through thin fibers called axons, which cause chemicals known as neurotransmitters to be released at junctions called synapses. A synapse gives a command to the cell and the entire communication process typically takes only a fraction of a millisecond. There are three types of neurons; sensory neurons carry impulses to the spinal cord and brain, motor neurons carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord, and interneurons connect the other two and carry messages between them. Sensory neurons react to physical stimuli such as light, sound and touch and send feedback to the central nervous system about the body’s surrounding environment. Motor neurons, located in the central nervous system or in peripheral ganglia, transmit signals to activate the muscles or glands.Glial cells, derived from the Greek word for "glue," support the neurons and hold them in place. Glial cells also feed nutrients to neurons, destroy pathogens, remove dead neurons and act as traffic cops by directing the axons of neurons to their targets. Specific types of glial cells (oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system)generate layers of a fatty substance called myelin that wraps around axons and provides electrical insulation to enable them to rapidly and efficiently transmit signals.A nerve at rest has more sodium ions outside and more potassium ions inside. A nerve impulse occurs when there are more sodium ions outside than there are potassium inside the neuron. This causes the cell to become polarized, also known as the resting potential. A stimulus activates the nerve and the channels open. Na+ ions (sodium ions) rush into the cell through diffusion causing the charge of the membrane to change. This is called action potential. This causes the cell to become depolarized, which happens along the length of the neuron until it reaches the axon terminals. When the action potential reaches the axon terminals, neurotransmitters are released and targeted to the muscle, gland, or other nerves that are needed to react. The nerve impulse reaches an axon terminal which (oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system) generate layers of a fatty substance called myelin that wraps around axons and provides electrical insulation to enable them to rapidly and efficiently transmit signals.A nerve at rest has more sodium ions outside and more potassium ions inside. A nerve impulse occurs when there are more sodium ions outside than there are potassium inside the neuron. This causes the cell to become polarized, also known as the resting potential. A stimulus activates the nerve and the channels open. Na+ ions (sodium ions) rush into the cell through diffusion causing the charge of the membrane to change. This is called action potential. This causes the cell to become depolarized, which happens along the length of the neuron until it reaches the axon terminals. When the action potential reaches the axon terminals, neurotransmitters are released and targeted to the muscle, gland, or other nerves that are needed to react. The nerve impulse reaches an axon terminal which is the location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell is called a synapse. A synaptic cleft separates the axon terminal from dendrites of the adjacent cell. Vesicles release neurotransmitters into the cleft. This causes a positive sodium ion to rush across the cell membrane, stimulating the second cell.
Create Your Free Infographic!