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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Driving with Phones An Australian study showed that cell phoneuse while driving was associated with slightly more than a fourfold increase in crash risk (odds ratio 4:1). A review of 84 studies of the impact of cell phone use on driving performance concluded that whereas cell phone use has only a smallor moderate impact on driving performance measures such as driving speed, lane position, and various other measures of vehicle control, it significantly slows the driver’s speed of reaction to critical events 0.23 seconds. According to an insurance poll, 78.8 %of people said they have been a passengerin a car that was being driven by a driver who was not giving his or her full attention to driving. Of those drivers who use cell phoneswhile driving, most think that doing so is dangerous (26 percent “very dangerous,”24 percent “dangerous,” 33 percent “somewhat dangerous,” 16 percent “slightly dangerous”). Only 2 percent think it is “not dangerous at all.” FACTS DANGERS The states of California, Connecticut, New Jersey,New York, and Washington, plus the District ofColumbia, outlaw the use of handheld phones while driving. Alaska, Louisiana, Minnesota, New Jersey, Washington, and the District of Columbia prohibit all drivers from text messaging while driving. Seventeen states also have laws that prohibit young drivers—drivers under the age of 18 in some cases, drivers with learner’s permits or provisional licensesin other cases—from using any kind of cell phone (whether handheld or hands-free) while driving. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimated that at any given time, 6 percent of drivers nationwide were holding a cell phone to their ear. In 1990, there were 5 million wireless subscribers. Today, there are more than 270 million wirelesssubscribers in the United States. What the People Say Of all adult drivers who own a cell phone, 10 %Say they talk on the phone while driving “all the time,” 62 % say “sometimes,” and 28 % say “never.” Of the Echo Boomers (age 18–32), 83 % report that they at least sometimes talk on the phone while driving. Of the Gen X (age 33–44), 85 %. Of the Baby Boomers (age 45–63), 70 %.Of the Matures (64+), 42 %. 5 % of all drivers who have a cell phone report that they do so “all the time,” 22 % report “sometimes,” and 74 % report “never.”
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