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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 CONSEQUENCES Amanda Lopez, Soc-301 WHAT'S GOING ON? MEDIA PERPETUATION There are many social impacts on those who violate socially constructed gender roles. Men who are not seen as "manly" enough can havemany mental impacts that can effect his day to day life. "Masculinity is not something that one can prove once andfor all, it is something that had to be proven again and gain" (Ferber). ORIGINS Division of labor led to domestication and civilization and drives the globalized system of domination today. It also appears that artificially imposed sexual division of labor was its earliest form and was also, in effect, the formation of gender" (Zeran). HEGEMONIC NARRATIVE; Men Should be Manly, Strong, and Stoic. CHANGE Recent studies indicate that men are increasingly taking on housework andchildcare responsibilities, studies also show that men’s increased domestic participation, ingeneral, leads to more reported satisfaction with marriage and home life (Courtney). The media further exposes gender narratives that can displayed through stereotypes identified in a study with three subthemes addressing the "problems with being a man in nursing. Results from the study show that men in nursing on television are presented in contradictory ways that both expose and reinforce stereotypes (Weaver). "The first way is by explicitly addressing the stereotypes by exposing and rejecting them. The second way is implicit, by reinforcing stereotypes. This produces a competing discourse that seriously undermines any endeavor to produce a diverse or complex representation of men in nursing. Thus, even as the programmers pretend an awareness of the problems facing men in nursing, this usually only hides their own reinforcement of stereotypes by casting the men in nursing outside conventional ideas of masculinity for the most part" (Weaver). The roots of sexual prejudice and discrimination are likely closely tied to traditional gender norms and roles, more often then not these norms are defined as culturally shared expectation about how men and women should or ought to behave (Wellman). Communal characteristics ascribed to men are primarily agentic characteristics and are expected to be dominant, strong, assertive, and aggressive (Wellman). Gender norms are particularly rigid for men in the United States, and boys learn from an early age that being feminine or engaging in feminine behavior is unacceptable, and masculinity is achieved by constant vigilance to these rigid expectations resulting in a fragility that is unique to the masculine gender role (Wellman). Individuals who violate gender norms face consequences. Men depicted as possessing feminine traits are readily perceived as gay rather than heterosexual; likewise, women with masculine traits are often perceived as lesbian, gay men and lesbian women are viewed as acting “like the opposite sex” and to possess traits typically ascribed to the other sex (e.g., gay men as feminine, lesbian women as masculine) (Wellman). IMPACTS
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