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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Some Outstanding Court Cases in The US Time Graph Marbury v. Madison 1803 Dartmouth College v. Woodword 1819 Munn v. Illinois 1873 US v. Nixon 1974 Cliton v. New York 1998 The president John Adams in his last day in office wrote an act call Organic act, but it was not delivered before the expiration dayof Adams term as president Constitutional Quiestion John Marshal- Chief of Justice Does Marbury have a right to the commission? the New Hampshire legislature attempted to change Dartmouth College a privately funded institution--into a state university. The legislature changed the school's corporate charter by transferring the control of trustee appointments tothe governor. Constitutional Quiestion Did the New Hampshire legislature unconstitutionally interfere with Dartmouth College's rights under the Contract Clause? Illinois regulated grain warehouse and elevator rates by establishing maximum rates for their use. Constitutional Quiestion Did the state-imposed rates deny the warehouse and elevator ownersqual protection and due process under the 14th Amendment? A grand jury returned indictments against seven of President Richard Nixon's closest aides in the Watergate affair. The special prosecutor appointed by Nixon and the defendants sought audio tapes of conversations recorded by Nixon in the Oval Office. Nixon asserted that he was immune from the subpoena claiming "executive privilege." Constitutional Quiestion Is the President's right to safeguard certain information, using his "executive privilege" confidentiality power, entirely immune from judicial review? This case consolidates two separate challenges to the constitutionality of two cancellations, made by President William J. Clinton, under the Line Item Veto Act. first, in the New York city,president cancelled an act call BalancedBudget Act, and the second he also use his veto power to cancel the Taxpayer Relief Act. Constitutional Quiestion Did the President's ability to selectively cancel individual portions of bills, under the Line Item Veto Act, violate the Presentment Clause of Article I? John Marshall- Chief of Justice Morrison Waite- Chief of Justice Warren E. Burger- Chief of Justice William Rehnquist- Chief of Justice Marbury v. Madison Decisions The justices held, through Marshall's forceful argument, that on the last issue the Constitution was "the fundamental and paramount law of the nation" and that "an act of the legislature repugnant to the constitution is void." Dartmouth College v. Woodword The Court held that the College's corporate charter qualified as a contract between private parties, with which the legislature could not interfere. Munn v. Illinois Argued that the states may regulate the use of private property "when such regulation becomes necessary for the public good." Waite resurrected an ancient legal doctrine to support his view. US v. Nixon The Court held that neither the doctrine of separation of powers, nor the generalized need for confidentiality of high-level communications, without more, can sustain an absolute, unqualified, presidential privilege. The Court granted that there was a limited executive privilege in areas of military or diplomatic affairs, but gave preference to "the fundamental demands of due process of law in the fair administration of justice." Munn v. Illinois the Court first established that both the City of New York, and its affiliates, and the farmers' cooperative suffered sufficiently immediate and concrete injuries to sustain their standing to challenge the President's actions. The Court then explained that under the Presentment Clause, legislation that passes both Houses of Congress must either be entirely approved or rejected by the President. The Court held that by canceling only selected portions of the bills at issue, under authority granted him by the Act, the President in effect "amended" the laws before him. Charles RiveroP:2.
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